Sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries have twice the energy density of their lithium-ion (Li-ion) counterparts. Still, with the space limitations in consumer electronics, Li-ion chemistries remain a better option. Additionally, Li-ion batteries have two to five times as many charging cycles and can tolerate the broader range of temperatures that, for example, smartphones demand. So, while Li-ion batteries are about a third more costly than Na-ion batteries – the benefits outweigh the additional cost. This scenario translates into the need for end-market battery buyers to continuously consider raw material costs for Li-ion batteries, particularly cobalt and lithium.